4. Leadership and motivation

Leadership

Leadership is the ability to guide, influence, and inspire others to work towards common goals.

Good leaders provide direction, build teamwork, and motivate employees to perform well.

Main Leadership Styles:

Autocratic: Leader makes decisions alone.

Democratic: Leader involves others in decisions.

Laissez-faire: Leader gives full freedom to subordinates.

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Motivation

Motivation is the inner drive that encourages people to work hard and achieve goals.

It helps improve performance, job satisfaction, and commitment.

Main Theories of Motivation:

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs: People are motivated by needs from basic to self-fulfillment.

Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory: Job satisfaction depends on motivators and hygiene factors.

McGregor’s Theory X and Y: Employees can be either lazy (X) or self-motivated (Y).

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Summary

Leadership and motivation work together to achieve organizational success.

A good leader motivates people to perform their best and reach common goals.